The motion of buying and putting in the traditional online game Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on a tool working the Android working system is the main target of this clarification. It encompasses the method of discovering an acceptable supply for the sport file, doubtlessly an emulator, and transferring the required knowledge to an Android-powered smartphone or pill for playable entry. For instance, a person trying to find a nostalgic gaming expertise might pursue this to replay one of the crucial acclaimed titles in online game historical past.
Accessing this title on a contemporary cell platform provides advantages resembling portability and comfort, permitting gameplay on the go. The enduring recognition of Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 stems from its revolutionary gameplay, inventive degree design, and iconic characters. Its preliminary launch on the Nintendo Leisure System (NES) within the late Nineteen Eighties established it as a landmark achievement within the platforming style and a major cultural touchstone for a technology of avid gamers.
The next dialogue will delve into strategies of acquiring and taking part in this legacy title on Android gadgets, exploring the authorized concerns, accessible choices, and technical elements concerned on this course of.
1. Availability
The convenience with which a person can entry Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 to be used on an Android machine constitutes its availability. This side is a vital element, essentially influencing whether or not a possible person can truly have interaction with the sport. If the technique of acquiring the sport are restricted or nonexistent, then the sensible risk of reaching the principle level is negated. For instance, if a given geographic area restricts entry to app shops or web sites providing legally sanctioned variations, the provision is correspondingly diminished.
Availability is instantly affected by components resembling digital distribution platforms, authorized frameworks regarding mental property, and the prevalence of other, usually unauthorized, sources. Official avenues, such because the Google Play Retailer, might provide the sport by way of paid downloads or subscription providers. Alternatively, the presence of ROM recordsdata on numerous web sites represents one other type of availability, albeit one which carries potential authorized dangers if the person doesn’t personal the unique recreation. The existence and accessibility of emulators that may run NES video games on Android gadgets additional have an effect on the sensible entry. These emulators are usually freely obtainable through the Play Retailer, however the essential aspect is the person’s means to acquire the precise recreation knowledge.
In the end, the provision of Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 for Android is a multifaceted difficulty contingent on authorized, financial, and technological components. Whereas emulation know-how exists and is available, the convenience and legitimacy of acquiring the sport knowledge stay the first determinants of its precise availability to the top person. Overcoming challenges related to unauthorized ROM sources and navigating authorized complexities are important to enhance availability inside legally and ethically sound boundaries.
2. Legality
The authorized dimension of buying Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 for Android gadgets necessitates cautious consideration as a result of copyright legal guidelines defending mental property. The unauthorized distribution and replica of copyrighted materials, together with video video games, may end up in authorized repercussions. Thus, understanding the authorized boundaries is paramount for people in search of to have interaction with the sport on Android platforms.
-
Copyright Possession
The copyright for Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 rests with Nintendo Co., Ltd. This possession grants Nintendo the unique proper to manage the distribution, replica, and modification of the sport. Unauthorized downloads and distribution of the sport file, referred to as a ROM, represent copyright infringement. Authorized recourse may be pursued in opposition to people or entities concerned in such actions.
-
Truthful Use Doctrine
The truthful use doctrine permits for restricted use of copyrighted materials with out permission from the copyright holder. Nonetheless, it’s unlikely that downloading and taking part in the whole thing of Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on an Android machine would fall below truthful use. Truthful use sometimes applies to actions like criticism, commentary, information reporting, instructing, scholarship, or analysis, and is topic to a four-factor check, together with the aim and character of the use, the character of the copyrighted work, the quantity and substantiality of the portion used, and the impact of the use upon the potential marketplace for the copyrighted work.
-
ROM Emulation and Possession
Utilizing an emulator to play Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on an Android machine is mostly authorized, offered the person owns a reputable copy of the sport. Emulators themselves are usually not inherently unlawful, as they merely replicate the performance of the unique {hardware}. Nonetheless, downloading a ROM from an unauthorized supply with out proudly owning the sport is taken into account copyright infringement, even when an emulator is used.
-
Distribution and Availability
Nintendo might provide Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 by way of official channels resembling digital distribution platforms for cell gadgets or by way of subscription providers like Nintendo Swap On-line. Downloading the sport by way of these official channels is authorized and helps the copyright holder. The supply of the sport by way of reputable avenues is essential for customers in search of a lawful technique of accessing it on Android gadgets.
Navigating the authorized panorama surrounding Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android gadgets requires adherence to copyright legal guidelines and a transparent understanding of the rights held by Nintendo. Using official distribution channels, respecting copyright possession, and avoiding unauthorized ROM downloads are essential steps to make sure a legally compliant expertise. The ramifications of copyright infringement underscore the significance of pursuing reputable avenues for accessing and having fun with this traditional online game.
3. Emulators
Emulators function a foundational aspect in facilitating the operation of Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android gadgets. An emulator is software program that enables one pc system to behave like one other pc system. Within the context of taking part in this traditional recreation on a cell platform, the emulator acts as a digital Nintendo Leisure System (NES), recreating the {hardware} surroundings essential to run the unique recreation code. With out an emulator, Android gadgets lack the native functionality to interpret and execute this system designed for the NES.
The interplay between the sport and an emulator includes a definite course of. First, a ROM file, containing the sport knowledge for Tremendous Mario Bros. 3, have to be loaded into the emulator. The emulator then interprets the directions contained throughout the ROM, rendering the sport’s graphics and processing its logic. Consumer enter from the Android machine’s touchscreen or digital gamepad is translated into instructions recognizable by the emulated NES system. Totally different emulators provide various levels of accuracy in replicating the unique NES expertise, with some offering enhanced options resembling save states, graphical filters, and customizable controls. For instance, the emulator “RetroArch” is a well-liked alternative, permitting customers to configure numerous “cores” which emulate totally different consoles with distinct configurations and ranges of accuracy.
In abstract, the position of emulators is indispensable for taking part in legacy video games on up to date platforms. The usage of emulators permits engagement with software program designed for out of date {hardware} on fashionable gadgets. The sensible implication is that people can relive traditional gaming experiences resembling Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android gadgets, overcoming the constraints of {hardware} incompatibility by way of software-based emulation. Nonetheless, it have to be famous that the authorized implications regarding ROM utilization stay paramount, and customers should guarantee they possess the rights to make use of the ROM recordsdata with their chosen emulator.
4. ROM Sources
The supply of Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 for Android gadgets is intrinsically linked to the accessibility and reliability of ROM sources. A ROM (Learn-Solely Reminiscence) supply refers to a file containing the sport knowledge extracted from the unique recreation cartridge. Its significance lies in its position because the important aspect that enables an emulator on the Android machine to run the sport. With no viable ROM supply, the emulator is rendered ineffective. The cause-and-effect relationship is clear: the presence of a reliable ROM supply instantly causes the flexibility to play the sport on a non-native platform. For instance, a person trying to play Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 will invariably want a ROM file obtained from a particular supply to be appropriate with the chosen emulator on their Android machine.
Nonetheless, the acquisition of ROMs is usually fraught with authorized and safety dangers. Many sources provide ROMs with out the authorization of the copyright holder (Nintendo), which constitutes copyright infringement. Moreover, sure web sites disseminating ROMs might bundle the sport file with malware or viruses, posing a menace to the person’s machine. Discernment in choosing ROM sources is subsequently very important. Actual-life examples of respected ROM sources embrace web sites that supply legally obtained or public area ROMs or archives which can be curated for high quality. One other real-life instance is that if a person owns the unique recreation, they’ll legally create their very own ROM file for private use. The sensible significance is that the legitimacy of a ROM supply instantly impacts the person’s authorized compliance and their machine’s safety.
In abstract, ROM sources are a vital element in accessing and taking part in Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android. Whereas they supply the important recreation knowledge, customers should train warning to make sure that the chosen supply is reputable and safe. The challenges of acquiring ROMs legally and safely underline the significance of understanding copyright legislation and training accountable digital hygiene. Navigating this side efficiently is essential for customers aiming to expertise this traditional recreation on their Android gadgets with out infringing on copyright or compromising their machine’s safety.
5. File Measurement
The file measurement of Tremendous Mario Bros. 3, notably within the context of buying it for Android gadgets, represents a major consideration. It instantly influences storage necessities, obtain occasions, and total accessibility. These components are integral to the person expertise and the feasibility of working the sport on a cell platform.
-
ROM File Measurement
The scale of the ROM file for Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 is comparatively small in comparison with fashionable functions. Sometimes, a ROM file for this recreation is measured in kilobytes (KB), starting from 256 KB to 512 KB. This modest file measurement is because of the recreation’s origins on the Nintendo Leisure System (NES), a console with restricted reminiscence capability. An implication is that the sport may be simply saved on just about any Android machine, even these with minimal cupboard space.
-
Emulator Measurement
Whereas the ROM file itself is small, the emulator required to run Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android contributes to the general storage footprint. Emulator functions can vary from a number of megabytes (MB) to a number of tens of megabytes, relying on their options and complexity. For instance, a complete emulator like RetroArch, able to emulating a number of consoles, might require considerably extra storage than a devoted NES emulator. A person ought to think about each the ROM and emulator measurement when assessing storage wants.
-
Obtain Occasions and Information Utilization
The small file measurement of the ROM interprets to fast obtain occasions, even on slower web connections. It is a profit for customers with restricted knowledge plans or these in areas with poor connectivity. Downloading a ROM of some hundred kilobytes consumes a negligible quantity of knowledge in comparison with streaming video or downloading bigger cell video games. Nonetheless, repeated downloads or the acquisition of a number of ROMs can cumulatively influence knowledge utilization.
-
Storage Administration
The minimal storage necessities of Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 and its related emulator permit customers to handle storage effectively on their Android gadgets. In contrast to fashionable video games that may occupy gigabytes of storage, this traditional title presents no vital storage burden. Customers can retailer quite a few ROMs and emulators with out impacting their machine’s efficiency or accessible house. This environment friendly storage utilization is a sensible benefit for customers with older or lower-end Android gadgets.
The file measurement related to buying and taking part in Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android gadgets is a notable benefit, facilitating ease of entry, fast downloads, and minimal storage influence. The small footprint of the ROM and emulator contribute to a user-friendly expertise, notably helpful for customers with restricted sources. The distinction between the scale of traditional video games and fashionable functions highlights the evolution of gaming know-how and the growing demand for storage capability on up to date gadgets.
6. Compatibility
Compatibility, within the context of acquiring Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 for Android gadgets, refers back to the extent to which the emulator and ROM perform accurately and with out errors on a given machine. It’s a essential issue figuring out whether or not a person can efficiently play the sport on their chosen Android platform. With out satisfactory compatibility, the sport might exhibit glitches, efficiency points, or outright failure to run.
-
Working System Model
The Android working system model performs a major position in figuring out compatibility. Older emulators might not perform accurately on newer Android variations, and conversely, newer emulators may not be optimized for older working methods. For instance, an emulator designed for Android 4.0 may not run reliably on Android 12, and vice versa. This necessitates checking the emulator’s necessities and matching them to the machine’s working system.
-
{Hardware} Specs
{Hardware} specs, together with CPU structure (e.g., ARM, x86), processor pace, and accessible RAM, affect the emulator’s efficiency. Decrease-end gadgets might wrestle to emulate the NES precisely, leading to sluggish gameplay or graphical glitches. Greater-end gadgets usually provide higher efficiency, however compatibility points can nonetheless come up as a result of software program or driver conflicts. An implication is that gadgets with extra highly effective processors and ample RAM usually tend to ship a smoother gaming expertise.
-
Emulator Choice
The selection of emulator is vital, as totally different emulators provide various ranges of compatibility and efficiency. Some emulators are particularly designed for NES video games and provide wonderful compatibility, whereas others are multi-system emulators that will have broader compatibility however doubtlessly decrease efficiency for particular video games. As an illustration, a devoted NES emulator may provide higher compatibility and optimization for Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 than a general-purpose emulator that helps a number of console platforms.
-
ROM File Integrity
The integrity of the ROM file itself can influence compatibility. Corrupted or incomplete ROM recordsdata might trigger the emulator to crash or exhibit errors throughout gameplay. Making certain that the ROM is obtained from a dependable supply and verifying its checksum will help mitigate these points. For instance, a ROM file that has been tampered with or incompletely downloaded might not perform accurately, whatever the emulator’s capabilities.
The success of buying and taking part in Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android hinges considerably on addressing compatibility concerns. This includes choosing an emulator that aligns with the machine’s working system and {hardware}, verifying the integrity of the ROM file, and understanding the inherent limitations of emulation know-how. Reaching optimum compatibility is essential for delivering an pleasant and genuine gaming expertise on the Android platform.
7. Set up
The set up course of is a vital procedural part instantly consequent to buying Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 to be used on an Android machine. It encompasses the required steps to configure each the emulator and the sport ROM, remodeling downloaded recordsdata right into a playable occasion. A profitable set up is pivotal, because it represents the transition from mere file acquisition to precise engagement with the sport. An error throughout set up successfully negates the aim of the preliminary obtain, rendering the acquired recordsdata functionally inert. For instance, a person efficiently acquiring a appropriate emulator and recreation ROM should then set up them accurately to play Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on their Android machine. If both the emulator or ROM will not be put in accurately, the specified final result is unattainable.
The set up sometimes entails two distinct phases. The primary includes putting in the emulator software from a supply such because the Google Play Retailer or a trusted APK repository. This mirrors putting in any commonplace Android software. The second part includes inserting the Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 ROM file in a location accessible to the emulator. This may occasionally contain navigating the machine’s file system utilizing a file supervisor software. Relying on the emulator, further configuration steps could also be mandatory, resembling specifying the ROM listing or configuring enter controls. Correct execution of those phases instantly impacts the efficiency and playability of the sport. A typical difficulty encountered throughout this course of is inserting the ROM file in an incorrect listing, stopping the emulator from finding and working the sport. This emphasizes the significance of rigorously following the directions offered by the emulator developer.
In abstract, the set up part represents the end result of the obtain course of, remodeling acquired recordsdata right into a practical gaming expertise. Challenges throughout set up, resembling incorrect file placement or compatibility points, can impede this course of. A radical understanding of the set up steps and cautious adherence to directions are essential for efficiently taking part in Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on an Android machine. The sensible significance of mastering this course of lies in enabling entry to a traditional gaming expertise on a contemporary cell platform, contingent on correct configuration and execution.
8. Controls
The person expertise derived from securing Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 for Android is inextricably linked to the strategy of controlling the sport. Accessing and putting in the sport (the topic of a ” mario 3 obtain for android” search) is simply the preliminary step. The next means to work together with the sport hinges on the carried out management scheme. An ineffective or poorly carried out management system negates the benefits of having the sport accessible on the platform. As an illustrative instance, the sport’s precision platforming calls for responsive controls; delayed or inaccurate enter renders ranges exceedingly tough, diminishing the enjoyment for the participant. The tactic of management, subsequently, has a direct causative impact on the person’s notion and pleasure of the title on Android.
Android gadgets, missing bodily buttons frequent to the unique NES, necessitate various management options. Generally, these include on-screen digital buttons, replicating the directional pad and motion buttons of the unique controller. Nonetheless, the tactile suggestions of bodily buttons is absent, which poses a problem. Some emulators provide customizable button layouts and the flexibility to attach exterior controllers through Bluetooth. The choice of an emulator that includes sturdy controller customization choices considerably impacts the playability. An actual-world instance is a person who purchases a Bluetooth gamepad particularly for taking part in emulated video games on their Android machine, illustrating the direct software of exterior {hardware} to handle management limitations.
In the end, the connection between controls and the method of acquiring Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 for Android transcends mere technical performance. The power to successfully management Mario instantly determines whether or not the person can totally have interaction with and admire the sport’s design. The success of the ” mario 3 obtain for android” endeavor is, subsequently, partly contingent on addressing the inherent management limitations of the Android platform by way of cautious emulator choice, customization choices, or the usage of exterior {hardware}. The central problem lies in replicating the tactile and responsive really feel of the unique NES controller on a touchscreen interface, an element vital to making sure a satisfying gaming expertise.
9. Safety
The act of buying Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 for Android gadgets introduces safety concerns that benefit cautious examination. The method usually includes downloading recordsdata from sources that might not be totally vetted, presenting potential dangers to the machine and person knowledge. The inherent vulnerabilities related to unofficial distribution channels necessitate a proactive method to safety.
-
Malware Distribution
Unofficial sources for ROMs and emulators ceaselessly function vectors for malware distribution. Recordsdata provided as Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 downloads could also be bundled with viruses, trojans, or different malicious software program. These threats can compromise machine safety, resulting in knowledge theft, system instability, or unauthorized entry. A person meaning to play Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 may inadvertently set up malware alongside the sport, leading to vital safety breaches. Actual-life examples contain compromised ROM web sites distributing contaminated recordsdata to unsuspecting customers, highlighting the tangible menace.
-
Information Privateness
Downloading emulators and ROMs from untrusted sources may also compromise knowledge privateness. Some functions might request pointless permissions, granting them entry to delicate data resembling contacts, location knowledge, or looking historical past. This knowledge may be collected and doubtlessly misused by malicious actors. An emulator requesting entry to a person’s contact listing, with out a clear justification, raises privateness considerations. An examination of app permissions and supply trustworthiness is vital for preserving knowledge privateness in the course of the acquisition of gaming-related software program.
-
Phishing Makes an attempt
Web sites providing Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 ROMs might make use of phishing ways to deceive customers into divulging private data. These ways embrace pretend obtain buttons, deceptive commercials, or requests for registration particulars. A person may inadvertently enter their e-mail deal with and password on a fraudulent web site, resulting in account compromise. Consciousness of phishing strategies and cautious scrutiny of web site legitimacy are important for safeguarding in opposition to such assaults. Actual-world eventualities embrace pretend web sites mimicking reputable ROM repositories to reap person credentials.
-
Software program Vulnerabilities
Emulators, like every software program, can include vulnerabilities that malicious actors can exploit. Outdated or poorly maintained emulators could also be vulnerable to safety flaws that permit for distant code execution or privilege escalation. A compromised emulator may grant an attacker management over the Android machine. Sustaining up-to-date software program and choosing emulators from respected builders can mitigate these dangers. Examples embrace unpatched safety vulnerabilities in older emulator variations that may be exploited by malware.
The safety implications related to buying Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 for Android necessitate a cautious and knowledgeable method. From malware threats to knowledge privateness dangers, the method calls for vigilance and adherence to safety finest practices. Using respected obtain sources, verifying file integrity, and sustaining up-to-date software program are essential steps in mitigating potential safety breaches and making certain a protected gaming expertise.
Ceaselessly Requested Questions
This part addresses frequent inquiries and considerations pertaining to buying and taking part in Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android gadgets. The knowledge offered goals to supply readability and steerage on the authorized, technical, and safety elements concerned.
Query 1: Is it authorized to obtain Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 for Android?
The legality of downloading Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 for Android hinges on the supply from which the sport is obtained. Downloading a ROM (recreation file) from unauthorized sources constitutes copyright infringement and is illegitimate. Authorized technique of entry embrace buying the sport by way of official digital distribution channels or accessing it by way of subscription providers provided by the copyright holder.
Query 2: What’s an emulator, and why is it wanted to play Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android?
An emulator is a software program program that enables one pc system to behave like one other. On this context, an emulator mimics the {hardware} of the unique Nintendo Leisure System (NES), enabling an Android machine to run the Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 ROM. With out an emulator, the Android machine lacks the required programming to execute the video games code.
Query 3: The place can Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 ROMs be safely downloaded?
Downloading ROMs from unofficial sources carries vital dangers, together with potential malware infections and copyright infringement. The most secure method is to acquire the sport by way of official channels, if accessible. Alternatively, if the person owns the unique Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 cartridge, creating a private ROM for archival functions could also be permissible, although the legality of this motion varies by jurisdiction.
Query 4: Will Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 run on all Android gadgets?
Compatibility will depend on the Android machine’s {hardware} and working system model, in addition to the emulator’s necessities. Decrease-end gadgets may expertise efficiency points, whereas older emulators might not be appropriate with newer Android variations. Compatibility checks previous to set up are advisable.
Query 5: What are one of the best emulators for taking part in Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android?
A number of emulators provide passable efficiency for Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android. Well-liked decisions embrace RetroArch (with the suitable NES core) and devoted NES emulators accessible on the Google Play Retailer. Choosing an emulator with good opinions, energetic growth, and customizable controls is beneficial.
Query 6: How can the gaming expertise be improved with controls on Android gadgets?
Android gadgets lack bodily buttons, necessitating on-screen controls. Some emulators permit customization of button layouts, sizes and transparency to enhance person management. Connecting a Bluetooth gamepad to the Android machine provides a extra tactile and exact management technique, carefully resembling the unique NES controller.
Buying and taking part in Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android gadgets includes navigating authorized constraints, understanding emulator performance, and addressing potential safety dangers. Adhering to finest practices and exercising warning all through the method is essential for a protected and pleasant gaming expertise.
The next part will discover potential troubleshooting steps for addressing frequent points encountered whereas taking part in Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android.
Important Suggestions for Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android
This part offers sensible steerage for customers aiming to efficiently have interaction with Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 on Android gadgets. The following tips deal with frequent challenges and concerns related to the method.
Tip 1: Prioritize Authorized Acquisition. Adhere to copyright rules by acquiring Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 by way of official channels, the place accessible. This method minimizes authorized dangers and helps the sport’s copyright holders. Various acquisition strategies ought to solely be thought of by those that already legally personal the unique model of the sport.
Tip 2: Choose a Respected Emulator. Analysis and select an emulator recognized for its accuracy, stability, and safety. Prioritize emulators with energetic growth and constructive person opinions. Consider emulators’ settings to regulate for optimum gameplay.
Tip 3: Confirm ROM File Integrity. Upon buying a ROM file, confirm its integrity by evaluating its checksum (MD5 or SHA) with recognized values. This step helps be certain that the ROM will not be corrupted or tampered with.
Tip 4: Follow Secure Downloading Habits. Obtain emulator software program and ROM recordsdata from respected sources. Keep away from clicking on suspicious hyperlinks or downloading recordsdata from untrusted web sites. Scan downloaded recordsdata with antivirus software program earlier than set up.
Tip 5: Customise Controls for Optimum Play. Make the most of emulator settings to customise on-screen controls to match particular person preferences. Think about connecting a Bluetooth gamepad for a extra genuine gaming expertise.
Tip 6: Handle Storage House Successfully. Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 ROM recordsdata are comparatively small, however emulators can eat more room. Periodically evaluate and handle the storage utilized by emulators and ROMs on the Android machine.
These actionable steps instantly facilitate a safe and enhanced Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 gaming expertise on Android. Following the following pointers promotes each the safety of the person and machine whereas maximizing enjoyment of the traditional recreation.
The concluding part will provide complete closing remarks.
Conclusion
The complexities surrounding mario 3 obtain for android have been extensively explored. This examination underscores the interaction of legality, technical execution, and safety concerns inherent within the pursuit of accessing this traditional recreation on a contemporary cell platform. Cautious consideration to copyright legislation, discerning emulator choice, and vigilant safety practices are paramount for a accountable and profitable endeavor.
The enduring attraction of Tremendous Mario Bros. 3 necessitates a balanced method, weighing the comfort of cell entry in opposition to the moral and authorized implications. Continued vigilance and knowledgeable decision-making will outline the way forward for accessing legacy titles on up to date platforms, making certain each preservation and accountable engagement with copyrighted materials.
