The method of transferring audio recordsdata from Apple’s iOS ecosystem to Google’s Android platform includes a number of strategies, every with its personal set of necessities and benefits. These strategies vary from using cloud storage providers to using desktop software program and direct file switch methods.
Efficiently migrating a music library facilitates platform switching, ensures continuity of leisure, and permits customers to leverage the precise options provided by Android gadgets. The necessity to migrate music libraries has grown considerably with the growing recognition of streaming providers alongside domestically saved audio recordsdata, and as people change telephone platforms.
The next sections will element frequent methods to attain this switch, providing steerage on each free and paid options accessible to customers. The emphasis is positioned on ease of use, information safety, and sustaining the integrity of the transferred music recordsdata.
1. Cloud storage utilization
Cloud storage utilization offers a viable pathway for transferring music recordsdata between an iPhone and an Android machine. This technique leverages the accessibility of cloud providers, performing as an middleman to retailer and subsequently obtain audio recordsdata throughout platforms. Providers corresponding to Google Drive, Dropbox, and OneDrive supply cross-platform compatibility, enabling customers to add their music from an iOS machine after which entry these recordsdata on an Android machine. The method usually includes importing the music library to the cloud service from the iPhone, adopted by putting in the identical cloud service software on the Android machine to obtain the music. This strategy bypasses direct device-to-device connection constraints and is especially helpful when coping with massive music libraries.
The effectiveness of cloud storage utilization hinges on web bandwidth and accessible cupboard space. Importing and downloading massive portions of information may be time-consuming, particularly with slower web connections. Moreover, free cloud storage plans might impose limitations on storage capability, necessitating a subscription to a paid plan for bigger music libraries. It is usually important to handle the synchronization settings of the cloud service to stop unintended information consumption or file duplication. A sensible software includes making a devoted folder throughout the cloud storage account particularly for music, making certain organized switch and retrieval.
In conclusion, cloud storage presents a handy and broadly accessible technique for transferring music from iPhones to Android gadgets. Whereas elements like web velocity and storage capability want consideration, the strategy offers a dependable various to direct file switch or desktop software program options. Understanding the restrictions and advantages related to completely different cloud platforms is essential for optimizing the switch course of and sustaining the integrity of the music library. The final word selection of cloud service will depend on particular person person necessities and accessible sources.
2. Desktop software program choices
Desktop software program choices characterize a strong class of instruments designed to facilitate the switch of music from iPhones to Android gadgets. These applications typically present a extra feature-rich and managed surroundings in comparison with cloud-based options, catering to customers who require particular functionalities or choose a neighborhood administration strategy.
-
iTunes Integration and Administration
Many desktop software program options are designed to seamlessly combine with iTunes, recognizing its prevalent function in music administration for iOS customers. These applications can extract music recordsdata and playlists straight from an iTunes library, circumventing the restrictions imposed by Apple’s ecosystem. This side is important for customers who’ve meticulously organized their music inside iTunes and want to protect that group through the switch course of. For instance, software program like AnyTrans and iMazing can straight entry iTunes libraries, convert incompatible file codecs, and switch music to Android gadgets, retaining metadata and playlist data.
-
Format Conversion and Compatibility
File format incompatibility poses a standard problem when transferring music between iOS and Android. Some audio codecs prevalent on iOS gadgets may not be natively supported by Android. Desktop software program can handle this situation by providing built-in conversion capabilities. These applications can convert music recordsdata from codecs like AAC to MP3, making certain that the transferred music is playable on Android gadgets. This conversion course of typically consists of choices to manage bitrate and audio high quality, permitting customers to steadiness file dimension and audio constancy. Instance: MusicBee routinely detects and converts the recordsdata into suitable codecs.
-
Direct Machine Connection and Switch Management
Desktop software program facilitates direct machine connection, enabling customers to switch music through USB cable. This technique offers larger management over the switch course of in comparison with wi-fi options, permitting customers to pick out particular recordsdata or folders for switch. Direct connection additionally tends to be quicker, particularly when transferring massive music libraries. The software program usually presents a user-friendly interface for looking the iPhone’s music library and choosing the specified content material for switch to the related Android machine. Instance: dr.fone allows person to selectively transfer music recordsdata.
-
Backup and Restoration Options
Sure desktop software program options supply complete backup and restoration options that reach past music switch. These applications can create full backups of iPhone information, together with music, contacts, messages, and different recordsdata. This performance serves as a security internet, permitting customers to revive their information to a brand new machine or get well from information loss. The music switch part turns into built-in inside a broader information administration framework, offering added worth and peace of thoughts. Instance: iMazing supply full iPhone backup to desktop.
In conclusion, desktop software program choices current a flexible and highly effective technique of transferring music from iPhones to Android gadgets. By offering options like iTunes integration, format conversion, direct machine connection, and backup capabilities, these applications cater to a variety of person wants and preferences. The effectiveness of those options will depend on the precise software program chosen, the person’s technical proficiency, and the dimensions and complexity of the music library being transferred.
3. Direct file switch
Direct file switch, because it pertains to transferring music from an iPhone to an Android machine, represents a technique whereby audio recordsdata are moved straight between the 2 gadgets with out counting on middleman cloud providers or desktop software program. This technique necessitates overcoming inherent incompatibilities in working methods and file methods. Its relevance stems from its potential for velocity and management, circumventing the restrictions imposed by web bandwidth or third-party purposes.
The implementation of direct file switch usually includes specialised {hardware} adapters or wi-fi protocols. For instance, a USB-C to Lightning adapter, coupled with a file supervisor software on each gadgets, can facilitate a wired switch. Alternatively, wi-fi switch purposes using Wi-Fi Direct know-how can set up a direct connection between the iPhone and the Android machine for file trade. Success will depend on each gadgets supporting the chosen switch technique and file codecs. Challenges embrace Apple’s restrictions on direct file entry and the potential for information corruption throughout switch if the connection is interrupted. A sensible software could be utilizing a file sharing app that’s accessible on each the app retailer and google play retailer.
In abstract, direct file switch offers a relatively swift and managed possibility for music migration between iOS and Android platforms, although its success is contingent on {hardware} compatibility and the circumvention of working system limitations. Understanding these stipulations is essential for customers looking for to keep away from reliance on cloud providers or desktop software program, with the advantages of lowered reliance on third events weighed towards the potential complexities concerned.
4. Music format compatibility
Music format compatibility is a crucial issue when transferring audio recordsdata from an iPhone to an Android machine. Variations in supported audio codecs between iOS and Android platforms can impede seamless switch, necessitating format conversion or limiting playback capabilities on the vacation spot machine. Understanding these incompatibilities is essential for a profitable music switch.
-
Supported Codecs on iOS and Android
iOS natively helps codecs like AAC, ALAC, and MP3. Android additionally helps MP3, however its help for AAC and ALAC would possibly differ relying on the machine and Android model. The variance in codec help can result in audio recordsdata encoded in ALAC on an iPhone being unplayable on an Android machine with out prior conversion. This necessitates that customers look at the audio codecs of their music libraries and convert them to universally suitable codecs, corresponding to MP3, earlier than switch.
-
DRM Protected Recordsdata
Music bought from the iTunes Retailer could also be protected by Digital Rights Administration (DRM). DRM prevents unauthorized copying and distribution of copyrighted materials. Whereas DRM restrictions have lessened over time, legacy iTunes purchases should still be topic to those limitations, stopping direct switch and playback on non-Apple gadgets. Eradicating DRM from legally acquired music includes particular software program instruments and understanding the authorized implications of such actions. The dearth of DRM removing could possibly be one other situation when transferring music recordsdata from iOS to Android.
-
Lossless vs. Lossy Compression
Lossless audio codecs, like ALAC and FLAC, protect the unique audio high quality with none information loss throughout compression. Conversely, lossy codecs, corresponding to MP3 and AAC, sacrifice some audio constancy for smaller file sizes. Whereas Android gadgets can help lossless codecs, their bigger file sizes could also be a priority for customers with restricted storage. If the Android machine has loads of storage dimension, lossless is an alternate and the most effective technique because it maintains the audio file authentic high quality.
-
Metadata and Tagging
Metadata, corresponding to track titles, artist names, album artwork, and observe numbers, is important for organizing and figuring out music recordsdata. Incompatible tagging codecs between iOS and Android may end up in lacking or incorrect metadata after the switch. Software program instruments particularly designed for music switch typically embrace options to make sure correct metadata mapping, preserving the integrity of the music library. At all times switch music recordsdata with the metadata or data hooked up for simplicity and the profit to show these data.
In conclusion, music format compatibility is a big consideration within the context of transferring audio recordsdata from iPhones to Android gadgets. Addressing codec variations, DRM restrictions, compression sorts, and metadata integrity is significant for attaining a seamless and passable switch consequence. Correct planning, format conversion the place obligatory, and using applicable software program instruments contribute to sustaining the standard and group of the music library on the Android machine.
5. DRM restrictions
Digital Rights Administration (DRM) restrictions considerably impression the method of transferring music from iPhones to Android gadgets. These technological measures, designed to guard copyrighted materials, can impede or stop the switch of legally acquired music, creating complexities for customers switching platforms.
-
Impression on iTunes Bought Music
Music bought from the iTunes Retailer previous to 2009 typically included DRM safety. This safety restricted the variety of gadgets on which the music could possibly be performed and prevented copying to non-Apple gadgets. Consequently, customers making an attempt to switch this protected music to an Android machine would encounter playback errors or outright refusal to switch. Though Apple has largely deserted DRM on music gross sales, legacy purchases stay affected, making a hurdle for long-time iOS customers migrating to Android.
-
FairPlay and Machine Authorization
Apples DRM know-how, FairPlay, is deeply built-in into the iOS ecosystem. FairPlay requires gadgets to be licensed by way of an Apple ID to play protected content material. An Android machine, missing FairPlay authorization, can not natively play DRM-protected iTunes music. This limitation necessitates both eradicating the DRM (if legally permissible) or discovering various strategies of accessing the music, corresponding to subscribing to a music streaming service that provides the identical tracks.
-
Circumvention Challenges and Authorized Concerns
Whereas DRM removing instruments exist, circumventing DRM is usually legally ambiguous, doubtlessly violating copyright legal guidelines in some jurisdictions. Customers should rigorously take into account the authorized ramifications earlier than making an attempt to take away DRM from their music. Moreover, DRM removing is technically advanced, requiring specialised software program and a level of technical proficiency. The legality of DRM removing can also be based mostly on native legal guidelines that change with out discover.
-
Options and Workarounds
Customers encountering DRM restrictions can discover various strategies of accessing their music on Android gadgets. This consists of subscribing to streaming providers like Spotify or Google Play Music, which supply huge music libraries for a month-to-month charge. Another choice is to repurchase the DRM-protected music from a DRM-free supply, corresponding to Amazon Music. Nonetheless, these options require extra expenditure or relinquishing possession of the unique music recordsdata.
DRM restrictions pose a tangible impediment to seamlessly transferring music from iPhones to Android gadgets. Whereas numerous workarounds and options exist, customers should navigate authorized complexities and technical challenges. The persistence of DRM on legacy iTunes purchases continues to impression platform migration, highlighting the significance of understanding these limitations when contemplating a swap from iOS to Android.
6. Playlist recreation
Playlist recreation turns into a big side when transitioning music libraries from iPhones to Android gadgets. The method of platform migration typically necessitates the guide or automated rebuilding of rigorously curated playlists. That is because of the inherent incompatibility of playlist file codecs between iOS (usually .m3u or .plist) and Android music participant purposes. The absence of a direct playlist switch operate necessitates the person to both reconstruct the playlists manually throughout the new Android surroundings or make the most of third-party purposes designed to facilitate playlist conversion. Examples of this embrace manually creating the identical playlist on Youtube Music or Spotify.
The success of playlist recreation considerably impacts the person expertise following the switch. Meticulously crafted playlists typically characterize appreciable time funding and private desire. The lack to simply entry these playlists on the brand new machine diminishes the worth of the transferred music library. Third-party purposes that automate playlist conversion analyze the track lists inside iOS playlists and try and match them to corresponding tracks accessible throughout the Android music surroundings, typically requiring subscriptions to allow the options or capabilities. Handbook recreation, conversely, calls for important effort and time, particularly for customers with in depth and sophisticated playlists. As an illustration, one might need to manually recreate a 500 track playlist with numerous classes.
Efficient playlist recreation calls for a complete understanding of obtainable instruments and strategies. The challenges embrace precisely matching tracks between completely different music providers, coping with discrepancies in track titles or artist names, and dealing with unavailable tracks. Overcoming these challenges requires meticulous consideration to element and a strategic strategy to playlist administration. In the end, profitable playlist recreation ensures continuity of the person’s listening expertise and reinforces the worth of the music switch course of.
7. Metadata preservation
Metadata preservation represents a crucial side of the music switch course of from iPhones to Android gadgets. The upkeep of track titles, artist names, album data, observe numbers, and album artwork ensures the integrity and value of the transferred music library on the vacation spot platform.
-
Tagging Requirements and Compatibility
Completely different working methods and music participant purposes make use of various tagging requirements. iOS predominantly makes use of a tagging format suitable with iTunes, whereas Android purposes might adhere to different requirements. Incompatibilities can result in lacking or incorrectly displayed metadata on the Android machine. As an illustration, customized tags or fields used inside iTunes may not be acknowledged by Android music gamers, leading to incomplete or inaccurate data. Particular switch instruments will help standardize metadata.
-
Character Encoding Points
Character encoding variations pose one other problem. Non-English characters, particular symbols, or accented letters may be misinterpreted through the switch course of, resulting in garbled or unreadable metadata. This situation generally arises when transferring music with titles or artist names in languages apart from English. Correct character encoding conversion throughout switch is important to keep away from these issues, typically requiring guide intervention to appropriate encoding errors post-transfer.
-
Album Artwork Embedding
Album artwork enhances the visible enchantment and group of a music library. The strategy of embedding album artwork inside music recordsdata differs between iOS and Android. Album artwork embedded utilizing iTunes may not be accurately acknowledged or displayed by Android music gamers. Moreover, exterior album artwork recordsdata saved individually from the music recordsdata is probably not routinely transferred or related to the right songs on the Android machine. Utilizing instruments that standardize album artwork embedding ensures constant visible presentation.
-
Impression on Music Library Group
The loss or corruption of metadata can considerably disrupt music library group. Lacking artist names, incorrect album titles, or absent observe numbers can render the library tough to navigate and handle. Customers might spend appreciable time manually correcting metadata after the switch, negating the comfort of platform migration. Preserving metadata is, due to this fact, integral to sustaining the usability and pleasure of the transferred music assortment.
In summation, metadata preservation constitutes an indispensable component of the music switch course of from iPhones to Android gadgets. Making certain compatibility of tagging requirements, addressing character encoding points, sustaining album artwork embedding, and safeguarding music library group collectively contribute to a seamless and passable switch consequence. Failure to prioritize metadata preservation may end up in a fragmented and disorganized music library, detracting from the general person expertise.
8. Wi-fi switch strategies
Wi-fi switch strategies represent a significant factor of methods to maneuver music recordsdata from iPhones to Android gadgets. This strategy leverages wi-fi applied sciences like Wi-Fi and Bluetooth to facilitate file switch with out the necessity for bodily connections. The inherent comfort of wi-fi switch stems from its elimination of cables and direct machine connections, thereby simplifying the switch course of. The prevalence of Wi-Fi networks and the incorporation of Bluetooth capabilities in fashionable cell gadgets make these wi-fi strategies a viable possibility for a lot of customers looking for emigrate their music libraries. Wi-fi strategies introduce dependencies associated to community stability, machine compatibility, and potential safety issues. The effectiveness of a wi-fi switch hinges on the dependable operation of the chosen know-how.
A number of purposes and protocols allow wi-fi switch. Cloud storage providers, whereas technically utilizing the web, function wirelessly by synchronizing recordsdata throughout gadgets through the cloud. Devoted file switch purposes like SHAREit or Xender set up direct Wi-Fi connections between the iPhone and Android machine, permitting for quicker switch speeds than Bluetooth. Apple’s AirDrop, whereas environment friendly, is unique to Apple gadgets and can’t straight switch recordsdata to Android gadgets. Consequently, the selection of wi-fi switch technique will depend on the dimensions of the music library, the accessible bandwidth, and the extent of safety required. A big music library is perhaps extra effectively transferred utilizing a Wi-Fi Direct software, whereas a smaller assortment could possibly be adequately managed utilizing Bluetooth, assuming each gadgets help the required profiles.
In abstract, wi-fi switch strategies current a user-friendly various to conventional wired connections for migrating music from iPhones to Android gadgets. Whereas the comfort of those strategies is simple, elements corresponding to switch velocity, safety, and compatibility have to be rigorously thought-about. The collection of the suitable wi-fi know-how and software finally determines the success and effectivity of the music switch course of. Understanding these elements permits customers to make knowledgeable choices and optimize their platform migration technique.
9. iTunes integration impression
The combination of iTunes considerably shapes the methodologies employed to switch music from iPhones to Android gadgets. iTunes, Apple’s media administration software program, traditionally served as the first interface for organizing and syncing music on iOS gadgets. Consequently, its construction and information codecs exert a substantial affect on the switch course of.
-
iTunes Library as Central Repository
iTunes capabilities as a central repository for music recordsdata, playlists, and metadata related to iOS gadgets. Many third-party switch instruments are designed to work together straight with the iTunes library, extracting music and playlist data for migration to Android. This reliance on the iTunes library simplifies the switch for customers who’ve meticulously organized their music throughout the Apple ecosystem. Nonetheless, customers who don’t make the most of iTunes, or whose libraries are fragmented, might discover these instruments much less efficient. That is very true if customers solely subscribe to Apple Music and should not have domestically saved recordsdata.
-
Proprietary Information Codecs and Compatibility
iTunes employs proprietary information codecs for playlists and metadata, which aren’t natively suitable with Android music gamers. This incompatibility necessitates format conversion or the usage of specialised software program to translate the playlist construction and metadata right into a format readable by Android gadgets. Failure to deal with this may end up in misplaced playlists or incorrect track data on the Android machine. For instance, transferring a .plist playlist file on to an Android machine will render it unusable with out prior conversion.
-
iTunes Media Folder Construction
iTunes organizes music recordsdata inside a selected folder construction on the person’s pc. Understanding this construction is important for guide switch strategies or for utilizing instruments that require direct entry to the music recordsdata. The iTunes media folder is usually positioned throughout the person’s Music folder, and the recordsdata are organized by artist and album. Navigating this construction permits customers to find and duplicate the specified music recordsdata to their Android machine, circumventing the necessity for iTunes synchronization. Copying iTunes media folder straight into Android gadgets permits the gadgets to scan media on its storage.
-
Impression of Apple Music Subscription
The prevalence of Apple Music subscriptions presents a nuanced side to iTunes integration. Whereas bought music may be transferred, streamed or downloaded Apple Music content material protected by DRM can’t be straight moved to Android gadgets. This limitation requires subscribers to both discover various technique of accessing the identical music on Android, corresponding to subscribing to a comparable streaming service, or buying DRM-free variations of the songs. Apple Musics library can solely be accessed by gadgets that helps Apples FairPlay DRM.
In conclusion, the mixing of iTunes exerts a multifaceted affect on the switch of music from iPhones to Android gadgets. Whereas iTunes can simplify the switch course of for customers with well-organized libraries, its proprietary information codecs and DRM restrictions can pose challenges. Understanding these nuances is essential for choosing the suitable switch technique and making certain a seamless transition of music from the Apple ecosystem to Android.
Regularly Requested Questions
This part addresses frequent inquiries in regards to the strategy of transferring audio recordsdata from iOS gadgets to Android platforms. These solutions present readability on potential challenges and supply steerage for a profitable migration.
Query 1: Is it potential to switch music bought from the iTunes Retailer to an Android machine?
Music acquired from the iTunes Retailer could also be topic to Digital Rights Administration (DRM) safety. DRM-protected recordsdata is probably not straight transferable or playable on non-Apple gadgets. Confirm if the iTunes music is DRM-free or take into account various means, corresponding to Apple Music subscription, to entry the identical music on Android.
Query 2: What’s the most dependable technique for transferring a big music library from an iPhone to an Android machine?
Desktop software program, corresponding to iMazing or AnyTrans, usually offers a dependable answer for big music libraries. These applications facilitate direct machine connection, supply format conversion capabilities, and guarantee metadata preservation throughout switch. Cloud providers can also be employed; nonetheless, switch velocity relies upon closely on web bandwidth.
Query 3: Will playlist data be retained through the music switch course of?
Playlist compatibility between iOS and Android shouldn’t be assured. Direct switch of playlist recordsdata might not operate. Third-party purposes can support in playlist conversion, however guide playlist recreation could also be obligatory. Guarantee any third-party software are from respected sources and doesn’t gather person information.
Query 4: How can one make sure that album artwork is transferred accurately together with the music recordsdata?
Album artwork embedding strategies differ between iOS and Android. Make the most of switch instruments that particularly handle album artwork compatibility. Manually confirm that the album artwork is accurately displayed on the Android machine after the switch. Some gadgets can also supply a function to routinely scan and obtain album artwork when lacking.
Query 5: What steps may be taken to deal with file format incompatibility points through the switch?
File format incompatibility is a standard problem. Convert audio recordsdata to universally suitable codecs, corresponding to MP3, earlier than initiating the switch. Desktop software program typically consists of built-in conversion options. Media recordsdata are sometimes in MP3 codecs and these may be transferred simply between iOS and Android.
Query 6: Are there any safety considerations related to utilizing third-party apps to switch music?
Third-party purposes can pose safety dangers. Analysis and choose respected purposes from trusted sources. Assessment app permissions earlier than set up, and be cautious of apps requesting pointless entry to non-public information. Concentrate on potential malware infections and privateness breaches.
Key takeaways from this FAQ part embrace the significance of verifying DRM standing, selecting appropriate switch strategies based mostly on library dimension, addressing playlist and metadata compatibility, and exercising warning with third-party purposes.
The next sections will discover various methods and instruments to reinforce music switch between the iOS and Android ecosystems.
Important Steering for Music Migration
The next steerage offers crucial insights for facilitating a seamless switch of music from iOS to Android platforms. Adherence to those suggestions enhances the probability of a profitable migration whereas minimizing potential information loss or compatibility points.
Tip 1: Assess DRM Standing Previous to Switch
Decide whether or not music recordsdata acquired from the iTunes Retailer are topic to Digital Rights Administration (DRM). DRM-protected recordsdata could also be incompatible with Android gadgets. Confirm the DRM standing of music to keep away from switch failures and playback points.
Tip 2: Standardize Audio File Codecs
Convert audio recordsdata to universally suitable codecs, corresponding to MP3 or AAC, earlier than initiating the switch. This ensures playback compatibility throughout completely different Android gadgets and music participant purposes. Utilizing constant and widely-supported codecs diminishes the chance of codec-related playback errors.
Tip 3: Prioritize Metadata Preservation
Make use of switch instruments that explicitly protect metadata, together with track titles, artist names, album data, and album artwork. Correct metadata enhances music library group and facilitates easy looking on the Android machine. Right tagging allows efficient searchability inside a music assortment.
Tip 4: Choose Respected Switch Functions
Select third-party switch purposes from trusted sources. Analysis person critiques and rankings earlier than set up. Train warning when granting app permissions and keep away from purposes requesting pointless entry to non-public information. This protects towards potential safety vulnerabilities and privateness breaches.
Tip 5: Backup Music Library Earlier than Switch
Create an entire backup of the iPhone music library earlier than commencing the switch course of. This precaution safeguards towards information loss or corruption through the migration. A backup permits for restoration to the unique state if issues come up through the switch.
Tip 6: Confirm Playlist Compatibility
Perceive that iOS playlist codecs (.m3u, .plist) are inherently incompatible with Android. Make the most of playlist conversion instruments or manually recreate playlists on the Android machine. This step ensures the continued group and pleasure of curated music collections.
Tip 7: Monitor Switch Progress and Confirm Integrity
Carefully monitor the switch progress and confirm the integrity of the transferred music recordsdata on the Android machine. Verify that each one songs are current, playable, and correctly tagged. Tackle any discrepancies or errors instantly to stop information corruption.
Following the following tips will tremendously help with music switch from iPhone to Android. This enables for the switch of music with out the lack of information or the music not being suitable.
The next part will present concluding remarks and handle any remaining issues for a profitable migration.
Concluding Remarks
The method of transferring music from iPhone to Android necessitates a complete understanding of format compatibility, DRM restrictions, and accessible switch strategies. A profitable migration hinges on cautious planning, correct device choice, and diligent verification of information integrity. The methods outlined, starting from cloud providers to direct file transfers, present a framework for navigating the complexities inherent in cross-platform information migration.
The continued evolution of cell working methods and digital rights administration necessitates ongoing vigilance relating to information switch methods. By understanding the ideas outlined, customers can confidently handle their digital music belongings throughout numerous platforms. Preserving entry to non-public music collections stays a related consideration in an period of streaming dominance.
